Mediante this respect, the Qesem hominins may play an important role

Mediante summary, the notion that shifts mediante human life histories, accompanied by improved intelligence, are an evolutionary response onesto per dietary shift towards high-quality food resources that are difficult to acquire has already been suggested by Kaplan . Our model is innovative mediante that it suggests a mechanism for such a dietary shift that could have propelled hominins onesto verso new evolutionary tirocinio.

Conclusion

For more than two decades verso view dominated anthropological discussions that all modern human variation derived from Africa within verso relatively recent chronological framework. Recent years challenged this paradigm with new discoveries from Europe, Discesa, and other localities, as well as by new advances mediante theory and methodology. These developments are now setting the tirocinio for a new understanding of the human story mediante general and the emergence of modern humans in particular (addirittura.g., , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ). Analysis of their dental remains suggests a much deeper time frame between at least some of the ancestral populations and modern humans than that which is assumed by the “Out of Africa” model. This, combined with previous genetic studies (anche.g., , , , ), lends support preciso the notion of assimilation (e.g., ) between populations migrating “out of Africa” and populations already established con these parts of Eurasia.

It is still premature sicuro indicate whether the Qesem hominin ancestors evolved durante Africa prior esatto 400 kyr , developed blade technologies , , and then migrated to the Levant preciso establish the new and unique Acheulo-Yabrudian cultural complex; or whether (as may be derived from our model) we face verso local, Levantine emergence of verso new hominin lineage. The plethora of hominins in the Levantine Middle Paleolithic fossil primato (Qafzeh, Skhul, Zuttiyeh, Tabun) and the fact that the Acheulo-Yabrudian cultural complex has per niente counterparts per Africa may hint in favor of local cultural and biological developments. This notion gains indirect support from the Denisova finds that raise the possibility that several different hominin groups spread out across Europe and Levante for hundreds of thousands of years, probably contributing preciso the emergence of modern human populations , , .

It should not che as a surprise that H. erectus, and its successors managed, and sopra fact evolved, onesto obtain a substantial amount of the densest form of nutritional energy available per nature – fat – esatto the point that it became an obligatory food source. Animal fat was an essential food source necessary per order to meet the daily energy expenditure of these Pleistocene hominins, especially taking into account their large energy-demanding brains. It should also not quale nome utente geek2geek as verso surprise that for a predator, the disappearance of per major prey animal may be per significant reason for evolutionary change. The elephant was verso uniquely large and fat-rich food-package and therefore verso most attractive target during the Levantine Lower Palaeolithic Acheulian. Our calculations spettacolo that the elephant’s disappearance from the Levant just before 400 kyr was significant enough an event esatto have triggered the evolution of verso species that was more adept, both physically and mentally, sicuro obtain dense energy (such as fat) from a higher number of smaller, more evasive animals. The concomitant emergence of verso new and innovative cultural complex – the Acheulo-Yabrudian, heralds verso new batteria of behavioral habits including changes sopra hunting and sharing practices , , that are relevant to our model.

If indeed, as we tried to spettacolo, the dependence of humans on fat was so fundamental onesto their existence, the application is made possible, perhaps after some refinement, of this proposed bioenergetic model esatto the understanding of other important developments con human evolutionary history

Thus, the particular dietary developments and cultural innovations joined together at the end of the Lower Paleolithic period mediante the Levant, reflecting per link between human biological and cultural/behavioral evolution.